SAVANNAH, Ga. (AP) — A company that has spent years battling conservationists as it seeks a permit to mine outside the Okefenokee Swamp and its federally protected wildlife refuge needs to do just one thing before regulators make a final decision: set aside $2 million for future restoration of the mining site.

Sixteen months after being notified of the requirement, Twin Pines Minerals still hasn’t submitted a surety bond or equivalent financial assurance to show the Georgia Environmental Protection Division that it has access to that amount of cash or credit.

That’s brought a halt to a project that appeared on the cusp of winning final approval early last year. Georgia regulators issued draft permits in February 2024 despite warnings from scientists that mining so close to the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge could irreparably harm a national treasure.

Twin Pines of Birmingham, Ala., has worked since 2019 to obtain permits to mine titanium dioxide, a pigment used to whiten products from paint to toothpaste, less than
three miles from the southeastern boundary of the Okefenokee refuge near the Georgia-Florida line.

Within days of the draft permits being approved, Georgia regulators informed Twin Pines in a letter that it needed to submit a $2 million bond, cash or letter of credit that can be used as needed to pay for restoration of the 820-acre site.

Regulators have finished reviewing thousands of public comments that poured in a year ago regarding the mining project in Georgia’s Charlton County, said Environmental Protection Division spokeswoman Sara Lips. Now they’re waiting on Twin Pines before moving forward.

“The financial assurance is the last piece of the permit package that will then get routed to our staff, up to the director, to make a final decision,” said Lips.

She said Twin Pines faces no deadline to put up the money.

Twin Pines President Steve Ingle declined to comment through a company spokesman. Ingle has insisted Twin Pines can mine without harming the Okefenokee. State regulators have agreed, concluding last year that mining should have a “minimal impact” on the refuge.

The mining company’s failure to set aside the $2 million after well over a year has opponents questioning whether it has the resources to mine responsibly in an ecologically sensitive area.

“When we’re talking about the potential damage of this mine, it goes way beyond $2 million,” said Peter Slag, an attorney for the Southern Environmental Law Center. “It’s sort of an alarm bell that they probably don’t have the money to do other sorts of compliance and capital investment.”

The Okefenokee is the largest refuge east of the Mississippi River, covering nearly 630 square miles in southeast Georgia. It is home to abundant alligators, stilt-legged wood storks and more than 400 other animal species.